History of Court of Appeals

​​​​​​​​​​​​​On Nov. 4, 1975, Kentucky voters approved a constitutional amendment known as the Judicial Article, creating the state's four-tiered unified court system. The amendment renamed the former Court of Appeals as the Supreme Court and created a new intermediate appellate court called the Court of Appeals. It also retained the Circuit Court as the trial court of general jurisdiction and replaced the existing lower courts with the District Court, a trial court of limited jurisdiction.

The constitutional amendment passed by a vote of 215,419 for and 180,124 against. Interestingly, the actual vote in 85 out of the state's 120 counties was against the​ passage of the amendment. The new unified court system took effect Jan. 1, 19​76.

On Aug. 13, 1976, Gov. Julian Carroll appointed the first 14 judges to the Court of Appeals, two judges from each of the seven appellate districts, as provided by Section 110 of the Judicial ​Article.

Those appointed judges were:

  • Roy N. Vance Jr., Paducah, Ky. — First District, First Division
  • Warren B. Miller, Dixon, Ky. — First District, Second Division
  • William M. Grant, Owensboro, Ky. — Second District, First Division
  • Charles H. Reynolds, Bowling Green, Ky. — Second District, Second Division
  • John D. White, Manchester, Ky. — Third District, First Division
  • Robert L. Dowell, Edmonton, Ky. — Third District, Second Division
  • Joseph H. Eckert, Louisville, Ky. — Fourth District, First Division
  • Boyce F. Martin Jr., Louisville, Ky. — Fourth District, Second Division
  • James Park Jr., Lexington, Ky. — Fifth District, First Division
  • Anthony M. Wilhoit, Versailles, Ky. — Fifth District, Second Division
  • Charles Bruce Lester, Newport, Ky. — Sixth District, First Division​
  • Robert F. Greene, Burlington, Ky. — Sixth District, Second Division
  • Elijah M. Hogge, Moreland, Ky. — Seventh District, First Division
  • Harris S. Howard, Prestonsburg, Ky. — Seventh District, Second Division

The new judges were sworn in on Aug. 17, 1976. All 14 appointed judges faced election in November 1976. Four of the appointed judges were defeated in that election.

During the Court of Appeals' 50-year history, 79 individuals have served as judges representing one of the seven appellate districts, either by election or appointment. Today, 46 of those indiv​​​​iduals are living. As of August 2026, Sarah Walter Combs is the longest-serving judge in the Court's history, having served 32 years, 8 months and counting. Three judges died while serving in office: Kenton Cooper (1988), Judy West (1991) and Harris Howard (1991). Two judges were elected to terms in both divisions of their appellate districts: Lisabeth Hughes (4th District) and Janet Stumbo (7​th District).

The first published Court of Appeals opinions appearing in the South Western Reporter were rendered Dec. 3, 1976, in Yocom v. Franklin County Fiscal Court and Watkins, Consulting Engineers, Inc. v. Southeast Jefferson-Southwest Shelby Water District, 545 S.W.2d 296 (Ky. App. 1976). Since 1976, the Court has rendered more than 60,000 published and unpublished opinions.

The Court of Appeals takes great pride in providing fair and impartial appellate review of matters-of-right appeals from citizens across all 120 Kentucky counties. The Court has been and remains committed to upholding the rule of law and maintaining the Judicial Branch as an independent and equal branch of Kentucky government.​

Historical information provided by Judge Jeff S. Taylor, 2026.

​Divison 1

Official portrait of Justice Roy V. Vance.​​Roy N. Vance (197​​6–1983)

Justice Roy N. Vance was born in 1921 in McCracken County. He received his prelaw education at Western Kentucky University and Paducah Community College and obtained his Bachelor of Laws degree from the University of Kentucky College of Law, where he was editor of the Kentucky Law Journal. After graduating at age 20, he began military service with the U.S. Army, from which he was honorably discharged at the rank of first lieutenant in 1946. He returned to the practice of law and was elected county attorney for McCracken County in 1949. After one term, he was elected commonwealth’s attorney in 1953, serving until 1957. From 1957 to 1970, he engaged in private practice and served as a trial commissioner for McCracken County Court. He was appointed commissioner of the original Kentucky Court of Appeals in 1970, serving until the governor appointed him in 1976 as an original member of the newly formed Court of Appeals. He was elected to the Supreme Court of Kentucky in 1983 and served until 1991. He passed away in 2007. ​

Official portrait of Judge Bill Paxton.,Bill R. Paxton (1983–1984)

Judge Billy R. Paxton was born in 1932 in Muhlenberg County. He received his bachelor’s degree in 1958 from the University of Kentucky and his Bachelor of Laws degree in 1960 from the University of Kentucky College of Law. Upon graduation, he entered private practice in Greenville and then in Central City from 1965 to 1976. He was a member of the Kentucky House of Representatives from 1970 to 1974. In 1975, he was elected circuit judge for the 45th Judicial Circuit, where he served until 1983, when he was appointed to the Kentucky Court of Appeals. ​

Official portrait of Justice Boyce Clayton. ​​Boyce G. Clayton (​​​1984-1992)

Justice Boyce G. Clayton was born in 1929 in Benton. He served in the U.S. Army from 1947 to 1949. He received his bachelor’s degree from Murray State University and his juris doctor from the University of Louisville School of Law in 1960. He practiced law for 14 years and during that time served as commonwealth’s attorney for Calloway, Livingston and Marshall counties. He served on the Supreme Court of Kentucky from 1975 to 1983, when he was elected to the Kentucky Court of Appeals. He passed away in 2020.​​

Official portrait of Judge Rick Johnson. ​​Rick Johnson (1992-2006)

Judge Rick Johnson was born in 1954 in Paducah. He received his bachelor’s degree with honors from Western Kentucky University in 1976 and his juris doctor from George Washington University in 1979. He returned home to go into private practice in Paducah and Mayfield from 1979 to 1991 before joining the Kentucky Court of Appeals in 1992. He wrote more than 1,500 opinions before leaving the court at the end of his term in 2006.​​

Official portrait of Justice Shea C. Nickell.​​C. Shea Nickell​ (2007-2020)

McCracken County native Justice Shea Nickell received his bachelor's degree from DePauw University in 1981. He received his juris doctor from the University of Kentucky College of Law. He practiced law for 22 years, serving as a plaintiff and defense civil trial attorney, assistant commonwealth's attorney for the 21st Judicial Circuit, assistant county attorney for McCracken County and public advocate. He taught insurance and risk management at Murray State University and jurisprudence at the University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill. He served as chief judge pro tem for the Court of Appeals, where he was on the bench for 13 years until being elected to the Supreme Court of Kentucky in 2019 to fill a vacancy. He was unopposed for reelection for a full eight-year term in 2022. Learn more about Justice Nickell at https://kcoj.info/Nickell. ​

Official portrait of Judge J. Christopher McNeill. ​​J. Christopher McNeill (2020-Present)

Deputy Chief Judge J. Christopher McNeill was born and raised in Fulton County. He received his bachelor's and master's degrees from Murray State University. He received his juris doctor from Northern Kentucky University's Salmon P. Chase College of Law, where he attended night school while working full time for the Kentucky Office of Inspector General. Judge McNeill completed the Senior Executives in State & Local Government program at Harvard University's John F. Kennedy School of Government. He was elected to the Kentucky Court of Appeals with more than 25 years of legal experience, including work in private civil practice, service as a staff attorney for the Court of Appeals and time as a directing attorney for the Public Defender's Office in McCracken County. Chief Court of Appeals Judge Larry E. Thompson appointed Judge McNeill as deputy chief judge in January 2025. Learn more about Judge McNeill at https://kcoj.info/McNeill

​Divison 2​

Official portrait of Judge Warren B. Miller.

Warren B. Miller (1976)

Judge Warren B. Miller received his undergraduate degree from Western Kentucky University and his Bachelor of Laws degree from the University of Tennessee in 1940. After holding three positions with the federal government, he entered private practice in 1955. He served two terms as county attorney for Webster County and as special circuit judge for the 4th Judicial District. He was appointed in 1976 as an original member of the new Court of Appeals created by the Judicial Article that unified the state court system. 

Official portrait of Judge J. William Howerton. J. William Howerton (1976–1996)

​Former Chief Judge (1986-1990)

Judge J. William Howerton was born in 1931 in Paducah. He received his bachelor's degree in commerce from the University of Kentucky and his juris doctor from the University of Kentucky College of Law. He served as a prosecuting attorney, corporation counsel and city manager and associate counsel for the city of Paducah. After having served on the Court of Appeals since 1976, his fellow judges elected him as chief judge in 1986.  ​

Official portrait of Justice David C. Buckingham. ​​David C. Buckingham (1996-2006)

Justice David C. Buckingham was born in 1951 in Murray. He received his bachelor's degree cum laude from Murray State University in 1974 and his juris doctor from the University of Louisville School of Law in 1977. He served as assistant county attorney for Calloway County before being elected District Court judge in 1982, a role he held until 1986. He served as Circuit Court judge from 1987 to 1996. He was appointed to the Kentucky Court of Appeals in 1996 and elected to a full term in 1999. He retired from the court in 2005 and joined the Senior Status Program for Special Judges. He was appointed to fill a vacancy on the Supreme Court of Kentucky in March 2019, serving until the seat was filled through a special election in November. ​

Official portrait of Judge Donna L. Dixon. ​​Donna L. Dixon (2006-2024)

Judge Donna L. Dixon was born in 1962 in Paducah. She received her undergraduate degree magna cum laude from Murray State University in 1984 and her juris doctor from Southern Illinois University in 1987. Early in her legal career, she served as a law clerk for Kentucky Court of Appeals Judge J. William Howerton. She was in private practice in Paducah and served as an assistant commonwealth's attorney for McCracken County. After serving as a District Court judge, she joined the Kentucky Court of Appeals in 2006 after being appointed to the Court of Appeals to fill the vacancy created by the retirement of Judge David Buckingham. She was elected to keep the seat for her first full term beginning in January 2007 and served until November 2023.​

Official portrait of Judge Lisa P. Jones. ​​Lisa P. Jones (2024-Present)

Judge Lisa P. Jones received her undergraduate degree in 1993 from Brescia University, where she has been recognized as a distinguished alumnus, and received her juris doctor from the University of Kentucky College of Law in 1996. Before taking the bench, she was in private practice at Sheffer-Hoffman and served as an assistant commonwealth's attorney. She served as a Daviess County District Court judge from 2001 to 2019 and then as a Daviess County Circuit Court judge until her election to the Court of Appeals. She was the first woman elected as a judge in Daviess County and served as chief judge for circuit and district court. Her work in juvenile justice has earned national attention. As a circuit judge, she presided in Drug Court, the Assisted Outpatient Treatment program under Tim's Law and Mental Health Court, which she helped establish in Daviess County. Learn more about Judge Jones at https://kcoj.info/Jones. ​​

​Division 1

Official portrait of Justice William M. Grant. ​​William M. Grant (1976–1983)

Justice William M. Gant was born in 1919 in Owensboro. He received his bachelor's degree from Transylvania University in 1940 and his Bachelor of Laws degree from the University of Kentucky College of Law in 1947. He served eight years as a juvenile judge and more than 14 years as commonwealth's attorney for the 6th Judicial District. As a member of the Kentucky Crime Commission, he was among the drafters of the judicial amendment that established Kentucky's unified court system. He joined the Kentucky Court of Appeals in 1976, becoming an original member of the new court created by the passage of the Judicial Article. In 1983, he was elected to the Supreme Court, where he served until 1991. He passed away in 1995.

Official portrait of Judge John D. Miller. ​​John D. Miller (1983–2003)

Judge John D. Miller was born in 1932 in Daviess County. He received his bachelor's degree from the University of Kentucky in 1955 and his juris doctor in 1958 from the University of Kentucky College of Law, where he was a member of the Kentucky Law Journal. He entered private practice in Daviess County. He was a member of the 1966 Kentucky House of Representatives and an Owensboro city commissioner in the 1970s. In 1983, then-Gov. John Y. Brown appointed him to the Kentucky Court of Appeals, where he served for 20 years. He passed away in 2026.

Official portrait of Judge Matthew J. Baker. ​​Matthew J. Baker (2003-2003)

Judge Matthew J. Baker was born in 1961 in Arizona. He received his bachelor's degree magna cum laude from the University of Kentucky in 1983 and his juris doctor from Wake Forest University in 1986. He served as a judge advocate in the U.S. Marine Corps from 1987 to 1990 and was in private practice in Bowling Green. Then-Gov. Paul Patton appointed him to the Kentucky Court of Appeals in 2003 to fill the vacancy created by the retirement of Judge John D. Miller. 

Official portrait of Judge Jeff S. Taylor. ​​Jeff S. Taylor (2003–Present)

Former Chief Judge (2010-2012)

Judge Jeff S. Taylor received his bachelor’s degree from Murray State University, a master’s degree in public administration from the University of Memphis and his juris doctor from the University of Louisville School of Law, graduating with honors in 1982. He was in private practice in Owensboro for more than 20 years and was a sole practitioner from 1990 until his election to the Court of Appeals in 2003. He served as chief judge from 2010 to 2012. He has served on numerous judicial committees, including the Judicial Conduct Commission and the Judicial Ethics Committee. Learn more about Judge Taylor at https://kcoj.info/Taylor.​


Divison 2

Official portrait of Justice Charles H. Reynolds. ​​​Charles H. Reynolds (1976-1991)

Justice Charles H. Reynolds was born in 1924 in Warren County. A World War II veteran of the Pacific Theater, he was awarded the Bronze Star for valor three times. Following his military service, he received his bachelor's degree from Western Kentucky University and his Bachelor of Laws degree from the University of Louisville School of Law in 1950. He entered private practice in Warren County, where he served as Warren County attorney pro tem. He was a trial commissioner for U.S. District Court. He was an original member of the new Court of Appeals in 1976 formed by the passage of the Judicial Article, serving for 15 years. He was appointed to the Supreme Court of Kentucky in 1991 and served until 1996. He passed away in 1996.

Official portrait of Judge Joseph R. Huddleston. ​​Joseph R. Huddleston (1991-2003)

Judge Joseph R. Huddleston was born in 1937 in Glasgow. He received his bachelor's degree from Princeton University in 1959. He received his juris doctor from the University of Virginia School of Law in 1962 and a master's degree in law from the University of Virginia in 1997. One of 15 attorneys in his family, he returned to Bowling Green to practice law with his father and brothers from 1962 to 1987. In 1987, he was appointed and then elected as Warren County Circuit Court judge, where he served as chief judge. In 1991, he was appointed and subsequently elected to the Kentucky Court of Appeals. During his time on the court, he taught American law at the Russian Legal Academy. He passed away in 2011.

Official portrait of Chief Justice John D. Minton. ​​John D. ​Minton (2003-2007)

Chief Justice of Kentucky John D. Minton (ret.) was born in 1952 in Florida and grew up in Bowling Green. He received his undergraduate degree from Western Kentucky University in 1974 and his juris doctor from the University of Kentucky College of Law in 1977. He was in private law practice in Bowling Green until being elected as Warren County Circuit Court judge in 1992. He served until 2003, including an appointment as chief judge for the Green River Region from 1996 to 2003. He was elected to the Court of Appeals in 2003, where he served until his appointment to the Supreme Court of Kentucky in 2006 to fill a vacancy created by the retirement of Justice William S. Cooper. He was elected later that year for a full term. He served as chief justice for 14 years – from 2008 to 2023 – making him the second longest serving chief justice after Chief Justice Robert F. Stephens (dec.). He retired in 2023. 

Official portrait of Justice Thompson. ​​Kelly Thompson (2007-2023)

Justice Kelly Thompson was born in 1948 in Bowling Green. He graduated with a bachelor's degree and teaching certificate from Western Kentucky University in 1968 and received his juris doctor from the University of Kentucky College of Law in 1972. He began his career as chief trial counsel for the Kentucky Department of Highways in Hardin County from 1972 to 1973. He served as a law clerk for the Kentucky Court of Appeals from 1973 to 1974. He returned to Bowling Green and was in private practice from 1974 until his election to the Court of Appeals in 2006. He was appointed chief public advocate for the 8th Judicial District from 1976 to 1997. After 16 years on the Kentucky Court of Appeals, he was elected as a justice of the Supreme Court of Kentucky and began serving in 2023. Learn more about Justice Thompson at https://kcoj.info/Thompson.        

Official portrait of Judge Kelly Mark Easton. ​​Kelly Mark Easton (2023-Present)

A lifelong Kentuckian, Judge Kelly Mark Easton received a bachelor’s degree from the University of Kentucky, graduating Phi Beta Kappa. After completing a graduate course at Oxford University in England as an English-Speaking Union summer scholar, he received his juris doctor from the University of Kentucky College of Law, graduating Order of the Coif. Judge Easton practiced law in Louisville and Hardin County, including service as an assistant commonwealth’s attorney. In 2000, he was appointed as the first judge of Division III of Hardin County Circuit Court, where he served for over 22 years until his election to the Kentucky Court of Appeals. As a circuit judge, he presided in Drug and Mental Health courts and served 19 years as chief regional circuit judge for the Green River Region. Learn more about Judge Easton at https://kcoj.info/Easton.​

​Division 1

Offiical portrait of Justice John D. White. John D. White (1976–1986)

Justice John D. White was born in 1915 in Ohio. He received a Bachelor of Divinity from Louisville Presbyterian Seminary and a Bachelor of Laws degree from the University of Louisville School of Law. He began practicing law in 1939. He served as district public defender, assistant commonwealth's attorney for the 41st Judicial District and county attorney for Clay County. Justice White was an original member of the new Kentucky Court of Appeals created by the Judicial Article, serving on the court from its inception in 1976 until 1986, when he was appointed to the Supreme Court of Kentucky.

Official portrait of Judge Robert W. Dyche, III.Robert W. Dyche, III (1986-2006)

Judge Robert W. Dyche III was born in 1951 in London. He received his undergraduate degree from Centre College in 1972 and a juris doctor from the University of Kentucky College of Law in 1975. He began his legal career in private practice in London with the firm of Allen and Bledsoe before opening his own practice. At 26 years old, he was appointed as a trial commissioner. After three years in private practice, he was elected as a District Court judge for the 27th Judicial District in 1978. He served as chief district judge for the Cumberland Region from 1979 to 1982 and 1983 to 1986. He was appointed to the Kentucky Court of Appeals in 1986, serving for 20 years until his retirement in 2006. He passed away in 2026.

Official portrait of Judge James Howard. James I. Howard (2006-2007)

Judge James I. Howard was born in 1955 in Iowa. He received his undergraduate degree from Asbury College in 1977 and a juris doctor from Duke University in 1980. He was in private practice for more than 26 years and served as Metcalfe County trial commissioner. He was appointed to the Kentucky Court of Appeals in 2006 to fill the vacancy created by the retirement of Judge Robert W. Dyche III.

Official portrait of Judge Michael Caperton. Michael Caperton (2007-2015)

Judge Michael Caperton is a native of Laurel County. After graduating from Transylvania University in 1977, he received a teaching certificate from Cumberland College in biology and chemistry. He received his juris doctor from the University of Kentucky College of Law in 1987. Prior to his election to the Court of Appeals, Judge Caperton served for 14 years as a District Court judge for the 27th District, which consists of Knox and Laurel counties. He was elected district judge in 1994 and served until he was sworn in as Court of Appeals judge in December 2007. He served as a Court of Appeals judge until January 2015. He has been a circuit judge for Knox and Laurel counties since December 2016.

Official portrait of Chief Justice Debra Hembree Lambert. Debra Hembree Lambert (2015-2019)

Chief Justice of the Commonwealth Debra Hembree Lambert made history as the first woman to serve as chief justice of Kentucky. A native of Bell County, she received her bachelor’s degree from Eastern Kentucky University and a juris doctor from the University of Kentucky College of Law in 1989. Chief Justice Lambert practiced law in Mount Vernon, serving as an assistant commonwealth’s attorney and city attorney. Prior to taking the appellate bench, she served as a Circuit Court judge in the Family Court Division of the 28th Judicial Circuit (Lincoln, Pulaski and Rockcastle counties). She was appointed to that seat by then-Gov. Paul Patton. She was elected to the Kentucky Court of Appeals in 2014 and the Supreme Court of Kentucky in 2018. In 2022, Chief Justice John D. Minton Jr. (ret.) appointed her as chair of the newly created Kentucky Judicial Commission on Mental Health, where she led statewide efforts to improve judicial responses to cases involving mental health, substance use and intellectual disabilities. In 2023, she became deputy chief justice at the appointment of then-Chief Justice Laurance B. VanMeter (ret.). Learn more about Chief Justice Lambert at https://kcoj.info/Lambert.​

Official portrait Judge John R. Spalding. John R. Spalding (2019-2019)

Judge Jonathan R. Spalding received his undergraduate degree from Campbellsville College in 1995 and a juris doctor from the University of Louisville Louis D. Brandeis School of Law in 1998. A lifelong resident of Lebanon, he was in private practice there for 20 years before taking the appellate bench. He was appointed by then-Gov. Matt Bevin to the Kentucky Court of Appeals in 2019 to fill the vacancy created when Chief Justice of the Commonwealth Debra Hembree Lambert was elected to the Supreme Court of Kentucky.

Official portrait of Jacqueline M. Caldwell. Jacqueline M. Caldwell (2019-Present)

Judge Jacqueline M. Caldwell received her undergraduate degree from Campbellsville University and her juris doctor from the University of Louisville Louis D. Brandeis School of Law. She served 16 years in legal practice as a prosecutor, an attorney in a small firm and as a solo practitioner with a focus on family law. Her work included serving as a guardian ad litem for children in dependency, neglect and abuse cases and in high-conflict divorce and custody proceedings. She also practiced in the areas of probate, wills and estates, personal injury cases, small business matters, and as an appellate attorney. She was appointed to the Court of Appeals in 2019 to fill the vacancy created by now-Chief Justice Debra Hembree Lambert being elected to the Supreme Court. Judge Caldwell was elected for a full term that began in 2023. Learn more about Judge Caldwell at https://kcoj.info/Caldwell. ​

Division 2

Official portrait of Judge Robert Dowell. Robert Dowell (1976)

Judge Robert E. Dowell received his undergraduate degree from the University of Kentucky and his juris doctor from the University of Louisville School of Law in 1954. He served as county attorney for Metcalfe County. Appointed in 1976, he was an original member of the new Court of Appeals created by the passage of the Judicial Article that unified the state court system. 

Official portrait of Judge Kenton J. Cooper.Kenton J. Cooper (1976-1988)

Judge Kenton J. Cooper was born in 1920 in Russell County. He received his undergraduate degree from Lindsey Wilson College and went on to serve four years in the U.S. Army Air Corps during World War II. After the war, he received his Bachelor of Laws degree in 1949 from the Jefferson School of Law (later merged with the University of Louisville School of Law). Having taught in Jefferson County while attending law school, he continued his teaching career in Russell County until he began practicing law in 1952. He served as city attorney for Jamestown from 1954 until being elected circuit judge in 1970. He was elected to the newly formed Court of Appeals in 1976. He passed away in 1988.

Official portrait of Judge Thomas D. Emberton. Thomas D. Emberton (1989-2004)

Former Chief Judge (2002-2004)

Judge Thomas B. Emberton was born in 1932 in Monroe County. Following a four-year tour of duty with the U.S. Air Force, he received his undergraduate degree from Western Kentucky University and his juris doctor from the University of Louisville School of Law in 1962. He began practicing law in Edmonton that year and was elected county attorney for Metcalfe County in 1964. In 1971, he became the Republican candidate for Kentucky governor. He was appointed to the Kentucky Court of Appeals in 1989, later twice winning election to the seat and serving as chief judge from 2002 until his retirement in 2004. He passed away in 2022 at age 89 after saving his wife from a fire at their home. In 2024, the Tom Emberton Metcalfe County Courthouse was named in his honor and, in 2025, A bronze statue of him was unveiled on the courthouse grounds.​

Official portrait of Judge Michael L. Henry. Michael L. Henry (2004-2007)

Judge Michael L. Henry was born in Somerset and grew up in Science Hill. He received his undergraduate degree from Western Kentucky University in 1974 and a juris doctor from the University of Louisville School of Law in 1980. He began his legal career as a law clerk for the Supreme Court of Kentucky. From 1981 to 1984, he was an assistant commonwealth's attorney for the 28th Judicial District and was an associate in private practice. In 1985, he served as a staff attorney for the Kentucky Court of Appeals. He was partner in the Somerset law firm Ham and Henry from 1989 to 1992. He served as an assistant commonwealth's attorney again from 1989 until his appointment as a District Court judge for the 28th Judicial District (Pulaski and Rockcastle counties), a role he held for 12 years before being elected to the Court of Appeals.   

Official portrait of Judge James H. Lambert. James H. Lambert (2007-2026)

Judge James H. Lambert received his bachelor's degree from Eastern Kentucky University and his juris doctor from Northern Kentucky University's Salmon P. Chase College of Law. He entered private practice in Mount Vernon with the firm Lambert & Lambert. He was elected Rockcastle County attorney in 1981 and served three terms before returning to full-time private practice in 1994. He served as trial commissioner for Rockcastle County District Court from 2002 to 2005 and administrative law judge for the Kentucky Department of Corrections. He was elected to the Kentucky Court of Appeals in 2006 to begin serving in 2007 and retired in 2026. ​​

​Division 1

Official portrait of  Judge Joseph H. Eckert.Joseph H. Eckert (1976)​​

Judge Joseph H. Eckert received his undergraduate degree from the University of Louisville and his juris doctor from the University of Louisville School of Law. He served as assistant attorney general of Kentucky from 1965 to 1970 and as assistant law director for the city of Louisville from 1970 to 1976. He taught at Bellarmine College and was a guest lecturer at the University of Louisville's law and medicine colleges. Appointed in 1976, he was an original member of the Court of Appeals created by the passage of the Judicial Article that unified the state court system.

Offical portrait of Judge John P. Hayes. John P. Hayes (1976-1993)

Former Chief Judge (1979-1986)

Judge John P. Hayes was born in Willisburg. He received his bachelor's degree from the University of Louisville, a Bachelor of Laws degree from the University of Louisville School of Law in 1955 and a master's degree in law from the University of Virginia. He was an FBI agent from 1955 to 1960 before entering private practice in Louisville. He worked part-time as an assistant commonwealth's attorney and, in the late 1960s, was the Second Ward alderman for Louisville. He served as a Jefferson Circuit Court judge from 1969 to 1976. In 1976, he was elected to the newly formed Kentucky Court of Appeals. He was the court's chief judge from 1979 to 1986. He passed away in 2002. 

Official portrait of Judge Martin E. Johnstone.Martin E. Johnstone (1993-1997)

Justice Johnstone made history as the first judge to be elected to all four levels of the state court system. He was born in 1949 in Louisville and received his bachelor's degree with honors from Western Kentucky University and his juris doctor from the University of Louisville School of Law in 1975. He entered private practice in Louisville. In 1976, he was elected judge for the Third Magisterial District. In 1978, he was elected as a District Court judge for Jefferson County, where he served as chief district judge on a 23-judge court. He was elected as a Circuit Court judge for Jefferson County in 1983 and was elected chief circuit judge of the 16-member court in 1987. In 1993, he was appointed to the Court of Appeals, where he was appointed chief judge pro tem in 1996. Later that year, he was elected to the Supreme Court of Kentucky, where he served until his retirement in 2006. Justice Johnstone passed away in 2026.

Official portrait of Justice Lisabeth Hughes. Lisabeth Hughes (1997-1998)

Justice Lisabeth T. Hughes served two separate terms on the Kentucky Court of Appeals for a total of three years before joining the Supreme Court of Kentucky. Born in Princeton, she received her bachelor's degree with highest honors in 1977 from the University of Louisville and a juris doctor magna cum laude in 1980 from the University of Louisville School of Law. Justice Hughes served nearly eight years as a Jefferson Circuit Court judge before being appointed to the Court of Appeals. She was the Court of Appeals for the 1st Division of the 4th Appellate District from 1997 to 1998 and Division 2 from 2006 to 2007. In 2007, she was appointed to the Supreme Court of Kentucky, where she served more than 15 years. Chief Justice of Kentucky John D. Minton Jr. appointed her as deputy chief justice, a role she held from 2017 until her retirement in 2023.

Official portrait of Justice William E. McAnulty Jr. William E. McAnulty Jr. (1998-2006)

Justice William E. McAnulty Jr. was the first Black man to serve on the Kentucky Court of Appeals and the first to serve on the Kentucky Supreme Court. Born in Indianapolis in 1947, he received his undergraduate degree from Indiana University in 1970, followed by a master's degree in education in 1971 from the University of Louisville and a juris doctor in 1974 from the University of Louisville School of Law. Justice McAnulty was appointed as a Jefferson County Juvenile Court judge in 1975. He was elected to Jefferson District Court in 1977, being a member of the first group elected after the passage of the Judicial Article that unified the state court system. He served as a district judge from 1978 to 1983. He was elected to Jefferson Circuit Court in 1983 and served until 1990. He briefly returned to private practice as a partner with Greenebaum Doll & McDonald in 1990 and returned to the Circuit Court bench by appointment in 1993. He was chief judge of Jefferson Circuit Court in 1998. He was elected to the Kentucky Court of Appeals in 1998. In 2006, he was appointed to the Supreme Court of Kentucky to fill the vacancy created by Justice Martin E. Johnstone's retirement. Justice McAnulty passed away in 2007. A bust of the justice is permanently displayed in the vestibule of the Supreme Court Courtroom at the Capitol.

Official portrait of Judge Thomas B. Wine. Thomas B. Wine (2006-2012)

Judge Thomas B. Wine was born in 1955 in Louisville. He received his undergraduate degree in 1977 from the University of Louisville and a juris doctor in 1980 from the University of Louisville School of Law. He worked in the commonwealth's attorney office in Jefferson County from 1979 to 1984 and from 1988 to 1990 and served in the Office of the Attorney General from 1984 to 1988. He was in private practice from 1990 until his election as a Jefferson Circuit Court judge in 1991, serving as chief circuit judge in 2000 and 2001. He was appointed to the Court of Appeals in 2006 to fill the vacancy created by Justice William E. McAnulty Jr.'s appointment to the Supreme Court of Kentucky. Judge Wine passed away in 2023.

Official portrait of Judge Irvin G. Maze. Irvin G. Maze (2012-2023)

Judge Irv Maze received his bachelor's degree in political science from Indiana University. Upon receiving his juris doctor from the University of Louisville Louis D. Brandeis School of Law, he established a private law practice specializing in family, employment and municipal law. He maintained his private practice for 32 years until his appointment as a Jefferson Circuit Court judge in 2008. After five years as a circuit judge, he was appointed to the Kentucky Court of Appeals in 2012 to fill the vacancy created by Judge Thomas B. Wine's retirement. Before taking the bench, he served as an assistant Jefferson County attorney from 1979 to 1985. He served as a commissioner on Jefferson County Fiscal Court before serving as Jefferson County attorney from 1999 to 2008, where he helped establish a nationally recognized Drug Court program. As counsel to local government, he supervised the merger of Louisville and Jefferson County governments. ​

Official portrait of Judge Andra J. Eckerle. Audra J. Eckerle (2023-Present)

​Judge Audra Jean Eckerle is a Kentucky native. She received her bachelor's degree in political science summa cum laude from the University of California, Davis, in 1988 and her juris doctor from the University of California at Berkeley in 1991. In her 12 years of practice before joining the bench, she had a varied civil and criminal practice, including serving as general counsel for a publicly traded, national assisted-living company; was an attorney at both large- and medium-sized civil firms; and was an assistant county attorney. She clerked for a U.S. District Court judge in Sacramento, Calif. Judge Eckerle served four years as a Jefferson District Court judge, including an appointment as chief regional district judge for Jefferson County. She was in her 15th year as a Jefferson Circuit Court judge when she was elected to the Court of Appeals. She served as chief regional circuit judge/chief circuit judge for two years as a circuit judge. Learn more about Judge Eckerle at https://kcoj.info/Eckerle

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Division 2

Official portrait of Judge Boyce F. Martin. Boyce F. Martin, Jr. (1976–1979)

Former ​Chief Judge (1976-1979)

Judge Boyce F. Martin was born in 1935 in Boston and received an undergraduate degree in English and history from Davidson College in North Carolina in 1957. After graduation, he was a second lieutenant in the U.S. Army’s Armor Branch and later a captain in the Army Reserve. He received his juris doctor from the University of Virginia Law School in 1963. He served as a clerk for U.S. Court of Appeals Judge Shackelford Miller Jr. from 1963 to 1964 before becoming the U.S. attorney for the Western District of Kentucky in 1965. After several years working in private practice and teaching at the University of Louisville School of Law, Judge Martin was appointed and then elected as a Jefferson Circuit Court judge in 1974. In 1976, he was appointed as one of the original members of the new Court of Appeals after passage of the Judicial Article that unified the state court system. He was the court’s first chief judge. In 1979, President Jimmy Carter nominated Judge Martin to a new seat on the Sixth Circuit of the U.S. Court of Appeals, where he was chief judge from 1996 to 2003. He retired from the court in 2013. Judge Martin passed away in 2016.​

Official portrait of Judge Roberts Breetz. Roberts Breetz (1979-1980)

Judge Robert G. Breetz was born in 1935. He received his bachelor's degree from Saint Mary of the Lake Seminary in Illinois in 1956 and a juris doctor from the University of Louisville School of Law in 1962. From 1961 to 1962, he served as a law clerk for Roy M. Shelbourne, U.S. District Court judge for the Western District of Kentucky. He worked in private practice in Louisville with Stites & Harbison (and its predecessor firms) from 1962 to 1979. He served one year on the Court of Appeals before returning to private practice with the firm, where he was a partner for decades. In 1993, he joined Lawyers Mutual Insurance Company of Kentucky, where he became chief operating officer, retiring in 2010. He passed away in 2018. ​

Offiical portrait of Justice Michael O. McDonald. Michael O. McDonald (1980-1995)

Judge Michael O. McDonald was born in 1934 in Mississippi. He received his bachelor's degree from the University of Louisville in 1957 and juris doctor from the University of Louisville School of Law in 1963. He worked in private practice in Louisville from 1963 to 1972, including time as general counsel for the Jefferson County Planning Commission and Board of Zoning Adjustments. In 1971, he was elected as a Circuit Court judge for the 30th Judicial Circuit, where he served as chief judge. He was on the Circuit Court bench until being elected in 1980 to the Court of Appeals. Following his retirement, Judge McDonald served as an expert witness, was federally appointed as an arbitrator, served as a mediator, was a commissioner for the Kentucky Legislative Ethics Commission and was appointed as a special justice on the Supreme Court of Kentucky. He passed away in 2020.​

Official portrait of Judge Edmund Karem. Edmund Karem (1995-1995)

Judge Edmund P. Karem was born in 1941 in Louisville. He received his bachelor's degree from Bellarmine College in 1963 and a juris doctor from the University of Louisville School of Law in 1968. He began his career as a teacher at Bishop David High School in Louisville. He went on to serve as a special prosecutor for the Department of Public Safety Division of Motor Vehicle Inspections in Jefferson County from 1969 to 1970. He was in private practice in Louisville until he was elected as a Jefferson Circuit Court judge, serving from 1984 to 1992. He was chief judge from 1986 to 1987. He served on the Court of Appeals in 1995.    

Official portrait of Judge William L. Knopf. William L. Knopf (1995-2006)

Judge William L. Knopf was born in 1954 in Louisville. He received a Bachelor of Business Administration from Loyola University of New Orleans in 1976 and a juris doctor from the University of Louisville School of Law in 1978. He served as an assistant commonwealth's attorney from 1979 to 1981. From 1981 to 1984, he was in private law practice with his father, handling criminal and civil litigation. In January 1984, then-Gov. Martha Layne Collins appointed him as a District Court judge for the 30th Judicial District to fill a vacancy. He was elected to the seat in November and reelected in 1985 and 1989. In 1989, then-Gov. Wallace G. Wilkinson appointed him as a Jefferson Circuit Court judge to fill a vacancy. Judge Knopf was elected to the seat in 1990 and again in 1991. Judge Knopf was elected in a special election to begin serving on the Kentucky Court of Appeals in 1995 to complete an unexpired term. He was reelected in 1999. He retired in June 2006.

Official portrait of Justice Lisabeth Hughes. Lisabeth Hughes (2006-2007)

Justice Lisabeth T. Hughes served two separate terms on the Kentucky Court of Appeals for a total of three years before joining the Supreme Court of Kentucky. Born in Princeton, she received her bachelor's degree with highest honors in 1977 from the University of Louisville and a juris doctor magna cum laude in 1980 from the University of Louisville School of Law. Justice Hughes served nearly eight years as a Jefferson Circuit Court judge before being appointed to the Court of Appeals. She was the Court of Appeals for the 1st Division of the 4th Appellate District from 1997 to 1998 and Division 2 from 2006 to 2007. In 2007, she was appointed to the Supreme Court of Kentucky, where she served more than 15 years. Chief Justice of Kentucky John D. Minton Jr. appointed her as deputy chief justice, a role she held from 2017 until her retirement in 2023.​

Official portrait of Judge Denise Clayton. Denise Clayton (2007-2023)

​Former Chief Judge (2019-2022)

Judge Denise G. Clayton was the first Black woman to serve on the Kentucky Court of Appeals when she joined the court in 2007 and later served as its chief judge. She graduated magna cum laude with a bachelor's degree from Defiance College in Ohio and received her juris doctor from the University of Louisville Louis D. Brandeis School of Law. She began her legal career as an attorney with the Internal Revenue Service and later served as director of student legal services at the University of Louisville while maintaining a private practice. She was associate director of the Legal Aid Society of Louisville before becoming a Jefferson District Court judge in 1996. She also served Jefferson County as a Family Court judge and Drug Court judge before serving nearly seven years as a Jefferson Circuit Court judge, where she was chief circuit judge. She was the first Black woman in Kentucky to be a Circuit Court judge and was chief regional circuit judge for the Metro Region for several months before joining the Kentucky Court of Appeals. She was appointed and then elected to the court. She served as chief judge pro tem from 2016 until her appointment in 2018 as chief judge, a role she held until her retirement in 2023.

Official portrait of Judge Annette C. Karem. Annette C. Karem (2023-Present)

Judge Annette C. Karem received a Bachelor of Science in Business Administration from the University of Louisville, a Master of Business Administration from Bellarmine University and a juris doctor from the University of Louisville Louis D. Brandeis School of Law. She served seven years as an assistant Jefferson County attorney before taking the bench. She prosecuted domestic violence, crimes against children and sexual assault cases. Prior to becoming a prosecutor, she worked in private practice as an associate at Williams & Wagoner Law Offices and the Christina Norris Law Office. In 2006, she was elected as a Jefferson District Court judge and served 16 years. She was chief judge from 2020 to 2022. She was elected to the Court of Appeals in November 2022 and began serving in 2023. Learn more about Judge Karem at https://kcoj.info/Karem. ​

​Division 1

Official portrait of Judge James Park Jr. James Park Jr. (1976–1979)

Judge James Park Jr. received his undergraduate degree from Princeton University, graduating magna cum laude in 1955. He received his Bachelor of Laws degree with high distinction from the University of Kentucky College of Law in 1958 and a Master of Laws degree from Yale University in 1959. He served as a Fayette County Circuit Court judge and was an original member of the new Court of Appeals created by the Judicial Article that unified the state court system.​

Offiical portrait of Judge Paul D. Gudgel. Paul D. Gudgel (1979-2003)

Former Chief Judge (1997-2002)

Judge Paul D. Gudgel was born in 1938 in Buffalo, New York. He received his undergraduate degree from the University of Kentucky in 1961 and his Bachelor of Laws degree from the University of Kentucky College of Law in 1964. He launched his legal career in private practice in Lexington and continued it in Atlanta. He served as a Lexington municipal judge from 1970 to 1974, trial commissioner for Fayette Quarterly Court from 1974 to 1976 and Fayette County judge from 1976 to 1977. He then became the chief district judge for the 22nd Judicial District, serving from 1978 to 1979. In 1979, he was elected to the Kentucky Court of Appeals, where he served as chief judge from 1997 to 2002.

Official portrait of Judge Lewis G. Paisley. Lewis G. Paisley (2003-2003)

Judge Lewis G. Paisley was born in 1945 in Huntington, Va. He served in the U.S. Army from 1967 to 1970 and was a Vietnam War veteran. He received his undergraduate degree from Georgetown University and a juris doctor from the University of Kentucky College of Law. He was in private practice when he was appointed as a Fayette County District Court judge in 1982. He served as chief judge from 1986 to 1988. He was elected to Fayette County Circuit Court in 1991. In 2002, then-Gov. Paul Patton appointed him to the Court of Appeals to fill a vacancy. He passed away in 2025.​

Official portrait of Chief Justice Laurence G. VanMeter. Laurence G. VanMeter (2003-2017)

Chief Justice of the Commonwealth Laurance B. VanMeter was born in 1958 in Lexington and raised in Winchester. He received his undergraduate degree with a major in history from Vanderbilt University in 1980 and his juris doctor from the University of Kentucky College of Law in 1983. He received a Master of Laws degree from Duke University and was elected to the American Law Institute in 2020. After practicing with Stoll, Keenon & Park from 1983 to 1994, Chief Justice VanMeter served as a Fayette County District Court judge from 1994 until 1999, when he was appointed and then elected as a Fayette County Circuit Court judge. He was a circuit judge until his November 2003 election to the Kentucky Court of Appeals, where he served 13 years that included time as chief judge pro tem from 2007 to 2010 and acting chief judge in 2010. Elected to the Supreme Court of Kentucky for a term beginning in January 2017, he became the third justice to serve at all four levels of Kentucky's unified court system. His fellow justices elected him chief justice to begin in January 2023. He served until his retirement in January 2025.

Official portrait of Judge Robert G. Johnson. Robert G. Johnson (2017-2018)

Judge Robert G. Johnson received his bachelor's degree in history and American studies from Georgetown College in 1992 and a juris doctor from the University of Kentucky College of Law in 1996. He served on the Georgetown City Council from 2003 to 2005. He was in private practice for over eight years, representing clients in the areas of criminal law, real property, estate work, bankruptcy, landlord/tenant and family law. In 2005, he was appointed as a Circuit Court judge for the 14th Judicial Circuit (Bourbon, Scott and Woodford counties) and elected for a full term in 2006 and 2014. His fellow judges elected him chief circuit judge, a role he held from 2007 to 2015. During his time as a circuit judge. Chief Justice of Kentucky John D. Minton Jr. appointed Judge Johnson as chief regional circuit judge for the Bluegrass Region, a role he was serving in when then-Gov. Matt Bevin appointed him to the Kentucky Court of Appeals in March 2017. He was appointed to fill the vacancy created by Chief Justice Laurance B. VanMeter's election to the Supreme Court of Kentucky.   

Official portrait of Justice Pamela Goodwine. Pamela Goodwine (2018-2025)

Justice Pamela R. Goodwine was born and raised in Youngstown, Ohio. She moved to Lexington in 1979 to be a court stenographer. Despite facing tragedy, a life-threatening illness and other obstacles, she received her undergraduate degree from the University of Kentucky's Carol Martin Gatton College of Business in 1991 and her juris doctor from the University of Kentucky College of Law in 1994. She worked in private practice with the firm of Wyatt, Tarrant & Combs from 1994 until her judicial career began with an appointment to Fayette County District Court in 1999. She sat on the District Court bench until 2003, when she became a Fayette County Circuit Court judge, serving as chief regional circuit judge for part of that time. In 2018, she was elected to the Kentucky Court of Appeals to begin serving in January 2019. She was on the court for six years and was appointed in January 2023 as deputy chief judge of the court by Chief Judge Larry E. Thompson. She received a Master of Laws degree in judicial studies from Duke University School of Law in 2023. In November 2024, she was elected to the Supreme Court of Kentucky for the 5th Appellate District (Bourbon, Clark, Fayette, Franklin, Jessamine, Madison, Scott and Woodford counties), taking office in January 2019. Justice Goodwine was the first Black woman elected to the Supreme Court and the first woman and fifth justice to serve at all four levels of Kentucky's courts. Learn more about Justice Goodwine at https://kcoj.info/Goodwine

Official portrait of Judge Will Moynahan. Will Moynahan (2025-Present)

Judge Will Moynahan was raised in London, Kentucky. He received a bachelor's degree in economics with honors from Harvard University before joining the U.S. Navy through officer candidate school. He earned his wings as a naval aviator in 2002 and flew including combat missions during Operation Iraqi Freedom. After transitioning to the Navy Reserve in 2009, Judge Moynahan attended night classes at George Washington University Law School while working during the day as a law clerk for the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Armed Forces. He received his juris doctor with high honors in 2013 and returned to Kentucky to serve as a clerk for Judge Eugene Siler Jr. on the U.S. Sixth Circuit Court of Appeals. In 2014, he was hired by the U.S. Department of Justice and assigned to the Antitrust Division in Washington, where he prosecuted bid-rigging and price-fixing cases. In 2016, he was recalled to active duty to serve as the executive officer of Camp Lemonnier in Djibouti, the United States' only permanent installation on the African continent. Following this 12-month mobilization, Judge Moynahan returned to the DOJ in 2018 and became an assistant U.S. attorney for the Eastern District of Kentucky, prosecuting fraud cases. At the same time, he returned to part-time Navy Reserve duty. He graduated with distinction from the U.S. Army War College in 2024 with a master's degree in strategic studies. Gov. Andy Beshear appointed him to the Kentucky Court of Appeals in 2025. Learn more about Judge Moynahan at https://kcoj.info/Moynahan

Division 2

​​ Official portrait of Judge Anthony M. Wilhoit. Anthony M. Wilhoit (1976–1997)

Former Chief Judge (1996-1997)

Judge Anthony M. Wilhoit was born in 1935 in Versailles. He received his undergraduate degree from Thomas More College in 1955 and a Bachelor of Laws degree from the University of Kentucky College of Law in 1963. After working in private practice in Versailles, he became a police judge for the city in 1964. He served as city attorney from 1965 to 1967 and Woodford County attorney from 1967 to 1972. He was appointed as the state's public defender, serving from 1972 to 1974. In 1975, he served as deputy secretary of the state's Justice Cabinet. He was an original member of the new Kentucky Court of Appeals created by the Judicial Article that unified the state court system, serving from 1976 to 1997. He was chief judge in 1997. After retiring from the Court of Appeals, Judge Wilhoit became executive director of the Legislative Ethics Commission. 

Official portrait of Judge David L. Knox. David L. Knox (1997-1999)

Judge David L. Knox was born in 1942 in Ashland. He received his bachelor's degree from Georgetown College in 1964 and his juris doctor from the University of Kentucky College of Law in 1969. After working in private practice in Georgetown, he served as an assistant county attorney from 1970 to 1971, public defender from 1971 to 1975 and assistant commonwealth's attorney from 1975 to 1977. In 1978, he was elected District Court judge for the 14th Judicial District. He later served as a Circuit Court judge.

Official portrait of Judge Julia K. Tackett. Julia K. Tackett (1999–2006)

Judge Julia K. Tackett is a native of Union County. She received her undergraduate degree from the University of Kentucky and her juris doctor from the University of Kentucky College of Law. She served as Fayette County assistant commonwealth's attorney, federal public defender for the Eastern District of Kentucky and law clerk to the Chief Justice John S. Palmore of the then Kentucky Court of Appeals (now Supreme Court of Kentucky). She was elected as a Fayette County District Court judge in 1977 and served six consecutive terms before being elected to the Kentucky Court of Appeals in 1999. She passed away in 2016. 

Official portrait of Judge Glenn E. Acree. Glenn E. Acree (2006-Present)

Former Chief Judge (2012-2016)

Judge Glenn E. Acree served in the U.S. Army Security Agency before receiving a bachelor's degree in history from the University of Kentucky. He received a master's degree in the history of science and medicine from the University of Maryland and his juris doctor from the University of Kentucky College of Law in 1985. He practiced law for nine years with McBrayer, McGinnis, Leslie & Kirkland in Lexington. He became a partner at Thomas, Stidham & Acree before entering solo practice in 1998. In 2006, he was appointed to the Kentucky Court of Appeals to fill the unexpired term of Judge Julia K. Tackett. Judge Acree was elected to his first full term in November of that year. His colleagues elected him chief judge of the Court of Appeals, a role he served in from 2012 to 2016. Learn more about Judge Acree at https://kcoj.info/Acree. ​

​Divison 1

​​ Official portrait of Judge Charles K. Lester. Charles K. Lester (1976-1996)

Former ​Chief Judge (1990-1996)

Judge Charles Lester was born in 1930 in Cincinnati. After receiving his undergraduate degree (1952) and juris doctor (1954) from the College of William & Mary, he served in the military from 1955 to 1957. He entered private practice in Newport, serving throughout this period as Bellevue city attorney, attorney for the Campbell County Water District and attorney for the Newport Board of Education. From 1968 to 1974, he served on Campbell County Juvenile Court. He was appointed in 1976 as an original member of the new Court of Appeals created by the Judicial Article that unified the state court system. He served as chief judge in 1990. Judge Lester passed away in 2015. 

Offiical portrait of  Judge Daniel T. Guidugli. Daniel T. Guidugli (1996-2007)

Judge Daniel T. Guidugli was born in Campbell County in 1952. He received his bachelor's degree in history and political science from Northern Kentucky University and his juris doctor in 1978 from Northern Kentucky University's Salmon P. Chase College of Law. He was as assistant county attorney until his election to District Court for the 17th Judicial District in 1985, where he served until being appointed to the Court of Appeals.

Official portrait of Justice Michelle Keller. Michelle M. Keller (2007-2013)

A lifelong Northern Kentuckian, Justice Michelle M. Keller received her juris doctor in 1990 from Northern Kentucky University's Salmon P. Chase College of Law while working as a registered nurse in critical care. She practiced law for 17 years, including serving as assistant county attorney for her home county of Kenton, focusing on medical negligence and product liability defense, personal injury, family law, criminal defense and administrative law. She was elected to the Kentucky Court of Appeals in November 2006 and began serving in January 2007. She was appointed to the Supreme Court of Kentucky in 2013 to fill a vacancy and subsequently elected to the seat where she is now serving. Learn more about Justice Keller at https://kcoj.info/Keller

Official portrait of Judge Allison Jones. Allison Jones (2013-Present)

Judge Allison Jones received her undergraduate degree from Transylvania University and a juris doctor from the University of Kentucky College of Law, graduating magna cum laude from both. Immediately after graduating, she went into private practice at Fenwick & West in Palo Alto, California, as an intellectual property litigation attorney. She also practiced at Stites & Harbison, specializing in complex business litigation and intellectual property matters. She served as an administrative law judge presiding over Kentucky workers’ compensation claims and was a staff attorney for the U.S. District Court for the Western District of Kentucky for over five years. She was a law clerk for U.S. District Court Judge John G. Heyburn II of the Western District. She was appointed to the Kentucky Court of Appeals in 2013 to fill the vacancy resulting from Justice Michelle M. Keller’s appointment to the Supreme Court and later elected to the seat. In 2019, she was appointed by the chief judge of the Court of Appeals to serve as deputy chief judge, a role she held until 2022. Learn more about Judge Jones at https://kcoj.info/AJones.     ​​

Division 2

Official portrait of Judge Robert F. Greene. Robert F. Greene (1976-1976)

​​Judge Robert F. Greene received his undergraduate degree from Eastern Kentucky University and a juris doctor from the University of Cincinnati College of Law. He engaged in the general practice of law starting in 1959. He was appointed in 1976 as an original member of the new Court of Appeals created by the Judicial Article that unified the state court system. ​

Official portrait of Judge Donald C. Wintersheimer. Donald C. Wintersheimer (1976–1983)

Justice Donald C. Wintersheimer was born in 1931 in Covington. He received his undergraduate degree from Thomas More College in 1953, a master's degree from Xavier University in 1957 and a juris doctor from the University of Cincinnati College of Law in 1960. He went into private practice and served as Covington's city solicitor for 14 years. He was elected to the Court of Appeals in 1976, where he served until being elected to the Supreme Court of Kentucky in 1982. He was a justice for 24 years before retiring in 2006. He was a prolific opinion writer with an average of over 50 opinions a year, the most of any member of the Supreme Court. His opinions addressed significant issues for Kentucky, including the establishment of Family Court, economic development, protection for child witnesses, open records laws and legal standards for drunk driving offenses. He passed away in 2021.

Official portrait of Judge William Dunn. William R. Dunn (1983-1987)

Judge William R. Dunn was born in 1921 in Newport. He received his juris doctor from Salmon P. Chase College of Law (now part of Northern Kentucky University) in 1950. He entered private practice in Covington. From 1960 to 1965, he served as a judge on Covington Police Court. In 1965, he was elected circuit judge for the 16th Judicial Circuit, where he served until his election to the Court of Appeals in 1983. He passed away in 1992.

Official portrait of Judge Judy M. West. Judy M. West (1987-1991)

Judge Judy Moberly West was the first woman appointed to the Kentucky Court of Appeals. Born in 1941, she received her undergraduate degree from Northern Kentucky University in 1973 and a juris doctor from NKU's Salmon P. Chase College of Law in 1977. In 1980, she became the first female judge in Northern Kentucky when she was appointed to Kenton County District Court by Kentucky's first female governor, Martha Layne Collins. Judge West was serving on the Kentucky Court of Appeals when she passed away in 1991 at 49 years old.

Offiical portrait of Judge Will Schroder. Will Schroder (1991-2007)

Justice Wil Schroder was born in 1946 in Fort Mitchell. He received his bachelor's degree in 1968 from the University of Kentucky, a juris doctor from the University of Kentucky College of Law in 1970 and a Master of Laws degree from University of Missouri in 1971. While going to school for his master's degree, he worked as an attorney for the Kansas City Legal Aid Society and then as a corporate attorney for St. Paul Insurance Co. before returning to Kentucky. He was an assistant law professor at Chase College of Law for its first three years of existence from 1972 to 1975. From 1975 to 1983, he was in private practice in Covington with his brother, during which time he represented the Northern Kentucky Area Planning Commission, was a contract attorney for the Special Fund (workers' compensation) and served as a Kenton County public defender. He was appointed Newport city attorney when a reform commission was elected and served at the onset of Newport's early riverfront development. He served two years as a hearing officer for the Kentucky Personnel Board from 1981 to 1983. Prior to joining the Kentucky Court of Appeals in 1991, he was a District Court judge for the 16th Judicial District from 1983 to 1991, including one year as a juvenile judge. He was elected as a justice on the Supreme Court of Kentucky for a term beginning in January 2007.

Official portrait of Judge Joy A. Moore (Kramer). Joy A. Moore (Kramer) (2007-2021)

Former Chief Judge (2016-2018)

Judge Joy A. Kramer was born in 1964 in Ohio. She received her bachelor’s degree in 1986 and a master’s degree in 1987, both from Morehead State University. Before attending law school, she was a special education teacher. She received her juris doctor from Northern Kentucky University’s Salmon P. Chase College of Law in 1996, graduating No. 1 in her class. From 1997 to 2003, she served as chief law clerk for William O. Bertelsman, senior judge of the U.S. District Court for the Eastern District of Kentucky. She was staff attorney for Kentucky Court of Appeals Judges Daniel T. Guidugli and Robert W. Dyche III from 2003 to 2004, then entering private practice as an associate in the litigation department of Adams, Stepner, Woltermann & Dusing in Covington. She was elected to the Kentucky Court of Appeals in 2006 to begin serving in January 2007 and reelected in 2014. She retired in September 2021.  

Official portrait of Judge Susanne M. Cetrulo. Susanne M. Cetrulo (2021-Present)

Judge Susanne M. Cetrulo received her bachelor's degree from Morehead State University and a juris doctor from Norther Kentucky
University's Salmon P. Chase College of Law. Her career has brought her full circle, as her first legal job was as a staff attorney for the Kentucky Court of Appeals from 1984 to 1991, first for Judge Charles Lester and then Judge Judy Moberly West. She went on to spend 30 years in private practice, working with Kohnen Patton & Hunt in Cincinnati and Ware Bryson West & Kummer in Edgewood. An adoptive parent herself, adoption has been a central focus of her legal career. She was an adoption attorney in Kentucky and Ohio for over 30 years and finalized placements for more than 350 children. She came to the Kentucky Court of Appeals from the civil litigation firm Cetrulo, Mowery & Hicks, which she founded with her husband in 2000. She was appointed to the Kentucky Court of Appeals in September 2021 to fill a vacancy and was elected in November 2022. Learn more about Judge Cetrulo at https://kcoj.info/Cetrulo.   ​

​Division 1

Official portrait of Judge Elijah M. Hogge. Elijah M. Hogge (1976–1984)

Judge Elijah Hogge was born in 1917 in Rowan County. He received his undergraduate degree from Morehead State University and juris doctor from Washington and Lee University School of Law. He was in private practice for over 30 years and served as Rowan County attorney and the commonwealth's attorney for the 21st Judicial District from 1957 to 1971. On the statewide level, he was commissioner of the Department of Motor Transportation from 1971 to 1973 and secretary of the Department of Transportation from 1973 to 1974. From 1975 to 1976, he served as secretary of the Cabinet for Public Protection and Regulation. He was appointed in 1976 as an original member of the new Court of Appeals created by the Judicial Article that unified the state court system, serving until 1984. Judge Hogge passed away in 1996.

Official portrait of Justice Dan Jack Combs. Dan Jack Combs (1984-1989)

Justice Dan Jack Combs was born in 1927 in Betsy Layne in Floyd County. At 18, he enlisted in the Naval Air Corps and served for five years before being honorably discharged. He received his undergraduate degree from Pikeville College and a Bachelor of Laws degree from Cumberland University in Tennessee in 1951. He practiced law in Pikeville for 32 years, often handling controversial cases, including defending Pike County civil rights workers Margaret and Alan McSurely in 1967 after they were charged with sedition. He was elected to the Kentucky Court of Appeals in 1983 and to the Supreme Court of Kentucky for a term beginning in 1989. He retired from the Supreme Court in 1993 due to ill health. Justice Combs passed away in 2002. 

Official portrait of Judge Richard L. Elswick. Richard L. Elswick (1989-1989)

Judge Richard L. Elswick was born in 1948 in Pikeville. He received his undergraduate degree from the University of Kentucky and his juris doctor from the University of Kentucky College of Law. He served three years in the U.S. Army as a member of the Judge Advocate General's Corps. He went on to practice law in Pikeville for five years, during which time he was also an assistant county attorney. He served as a Pike County District Court judge from 1980 to 1989, when he was appointed to the Kentucky Court of Appeals. Judge Elswick passed away in 2001.​

Official portrait of Justice Janet L. Stumbo. Janet L. Stumbo (1989–1994)

Justice Janet L. Stumbo was born in Prestonsburg. She received her bachelor's degree from Morehead State University in 1976 and a juris doctor from the University of Kentucky College of Law in 1980. She worked as a staff attorney for Kentucky Court of Appeals Judge Harris H. Howard. In 1982, Justice Stumbo entered private practice with the firm Turner, Hall & Stumbo and served as assistant county attorney for Floyd County from 1982 to 1985. In 1989, she became the first woman from the 7th Appellate District to be elected to the Kentucky Court of Appeals. She was elected to the district's Division 1. In November 1993, she became the first woman elected to the Supreme Court of Kentucky, and she was reelected in 1996. She was again elected to the Kentucky Court of Appeals in 2006, this time to the 7th Appellate District's Division 2, where she served until retiring in 2017.

Offiical portrait of Judge Sara W. Combs. Sara W. Combs (1994-Present)

​Former Chief Judge (2004-2010)

Judge Sara Walter Combs was born in Louisville. She received her bachelor's degree in 1970 and master's degree in 1971, both from the University of Louisville. She received a juris doctor from the University of Louisville School of Law, where she was second in her class. She has taught high school, college and law school students. She began her legal career as an associate with the firm Wyatt, Tarrant, and Combs in Louisville. After three years with the firm, she became corporate counsel for an advertising company, practiced closely with her husband, former Gov. Bert T. Combs, and became the sole proprietor of her own small law office in Stanton after his death in 1991. Judge Combs made history by being the first woman to serve on the Supreme Court of Kentucky when then-Gov. Brereton Jones appointed her to serve on the state's highest court in 1993. She was appointed to the Kentucky Court of Appeals in 1994 and subsequently elected to the seat. She served as chief judge from 2004 to 2010. Her fellow Kentucky Court of Appeals judges honored her in 2022 by naming a courtroom for her. Learn more about Judge Combs at https://kcoj.info/Combs. ​​

Division 2

Official portrait of Judge Harris S. Howard.Harris S. Howard (1976-1991)

Judge Harris S. Howard was born in 1929 in Prestonsburg. He received his undergraduate degree in 1951 from the University of Kentucky and a Bachelor of Laws degree in 1954 from the University of Kentucky College of Law. He went into private practice in Prestonsburg with his father. He was a member of the state Judicial Council from 1962 to 1966. He was active in his community, serving on numerous local boards. He was appointed in 1976 as an original member of the new Court of Appeals created by the Judicial Article that unified the state court system. He passed away in office in 1991.

Official portrait of John A. Gardner. John A. Gardner (1992-1999)

Born in 1949 in Louisville, Judge John A. Gardner received his undergraduate degree from Western Kentucky University in 1971 and his juris doctor from the University of Kentucky College of Law in 1974. He entered private practice in Paintsville, also serving as public defender in Martin County, assistant county attorney and trial commissioner in Johnson County, and counsel for the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers. He was elected as a District Court judge for the 24th Judicial District, where he served from 1979 to 1991. He was elected to the Kentucky Court of Appeals in 1992 and served until 1999.  

Official portrait of Judge David Barber. David Barber (1999-2007)

Judge David Barber was born in 1953 in Martin. He received a bachelor's degree from Transylvania University and a juris doctor from the University of Louisville School of Law. From 1981 to 1985, he served as Martin city attorney and attorney for the Floyd County Board of Education. He was elected Floyd County attorney in 1985 and served as general counsel to the Kentucky House of Representatives during the 1990 session. He was appointed as an administrative law judge for the Kentucky Department of Workers' Claims in 1991 and appointed to its judicial nominating commission in 1995 and 1999. He was an attorney in private practice and public service for more than 33 years. He served on the Kentucky Court of Appeals from 2000 to 2007. In 2015, he served as the Supreme Court justice from the 7th Supreme Court District upon being appointed by then-Gov. Steve Beshear to fill the vacancy created by the resignation of Justice Will T. Scott. In April 2020, Judge Barber was appointed circuit judge for the 21st Judicial Circuit (Bath, Menifee, Montgomery and Rowan counties.) 

​​​​ Offiical portrait of Justice Janet L. Stumbo. ​Janet L. Stumbo (2007-2018)

Justice Janet L. Stumbo was born in Prestonsburg. She received her bachelor's degree from Morehead State University in 1976 and a juris doctor from the University of Kentucky College of Law in 1980. She worked as a staff attorney for Kentucky Court of Appeals Judge Harris H. Howard. In 1982, Justice Stumbo entered private practice with the firm Turner, Hall & Stumbo and served as assistant county attorney for Floyd County from 1982 to 1985. In 1989, she became the first woman from the 7th Appellate District to be elected to the Kentucky Court of Appeals. She was elected to the district's Division 1. In November 1993, she became the first woman elected to the Supreme Court of Kentucky, and she was reelected in 1996. She was again elected to the Kentucky Court of Appeals in 2006, this time to the 7th Appellate District's Division 2, where she served until retiring in 2017.

Official portrait of Judge Gene Smallwood. Gene Smallwood (2018-2018)

Judge Gene Smallwood received bachelor's degrees in political science and English from the University of Michigan and a juris doctor from the University of Kentucky College of Law. Prior to his appointment to the Kentucky Court of Appeals by then-Gov. Matt Bevin, Judge Smallwood had been serving as an assistant commonwealth's attorney since February 2016 and was a partner at the Whitesburg law firm Polly & Smallwood, where he practiced civil litigation for more than 40 years. His work included real property, family law, corporate law, mining law, workers' compensation, administrative law, Social Security disability, personal injury health care and probate. He also handled some criminal cases, including those involving murder, sexual abuse and theft. 

Official portrait of Judge Larry E. Thompson. Larry E. Thompson (2018-Present)

Current Chief Judge

Judge Larry E. Thompson received his bachelor's degree from Eastern Kentucky University in 1983 and a juris doctor from Northern Kentucky University's Salmon P. Chase College of Law in 1986. He was in private practice from 1987 to 1995. He began his judicial career as a Pike County District Court judge when he was appointed to fill a vacancy in 1995, serving for a period as chief district judge. He remained on District Court until he was appointed to Pike County Circuit Court/Family Court Division in 1999. He served as a Family Court judge until December 2018, including time as chief circuit judge and two years as president of the Kentucky Circuit Judges Association. After 23 years as a trial court judge, Judge Thompson was elected to the Kentucky Court of Appeals in November 2018. He began serving as chief judge in January 2023 after his fellow judges elected him to the position. Learn more about Chief Judge Thompson at https://kcoj.info/LThompson.  ​

Offiical portrait of Court of Appeal Clerk, Martha Layne Collins. Martha Layne Collins (1976–1976)

Gov. Martha Layne Collins was born in 1936 in Bagdad in Shelby County and graduated from the University of Kentucky. She made history when she was elected in 1975 as the first clerk of the Kentucky Court of Appeals. After the Judicial Article was passed that year, she helped oversee the court's transformation into the state's highest court – the Supreme Court of Kentucky. This change made her the last clerk to be elected to what was the Kentucky Court of Appeals and the first to be elected to the new Supreme Court of Kentucky. In 1979, she was elected lieutenant governor. She became Kentucky's first female governor in 1983, serving until 1987. She is the only woman to have served as governor. Before taking public office, Gov. Collins taught public school in Louisville and Woodford County and was active in political campaigns beginning in 1971. She passed away in 2025. 

Official portrait of Court of Appeals Clerk, John C. Scott. John C. Scott (1976-1994)

John C. Scott was born in 1930 in Frankfort. Prior to his court service, he worked for the Kentucky Department of Transportation and was in the insurance field. He served as a Frankfort city commissioner from 1960 to 1962. He attended the Institute for Court Management. From 1964 to 1976, he was chief deputy clerk of the then-Kentucky Court of Appeals, which became the Supreme Court of Kentucky under judicial unification. In that time, he served as chief deputy for four clerks. Following implementation of the Judicial Article that unified the state court system, he served as chief deputy clerk of the Supreme Court of Kentucky. He was appointed clerk of the Court of Appeals in 1977 and Supreme Court clerk in 1979. After retiring from the Supreme Court in 1995, he worked in Human Resources at the Administrative Office of the Courts, retiring in 2018. He passed away in 2020.

Official portrait of Court of Appeals Clerk, George E. Fowler, Jr. George E. Fowler, Jr. (1994-1999)

George E. Fowler Jr., a graduate of St. Meinrad College and the University of Kentucky College of Law, began his Kentucky Court of Appeals career as a law clerk in 1978. In 1979, he was promoted to staff attorney and then chief staff attorney, a role he held until being appointed Court of Appeals clerk in 1995. While clerk, he also began serving as the court's general counsel in 1997. He returned to the role of chief staff attorney in 1999 and retired from the Court of Appeals in 2007.   

Official portrait of Court of Appeals Clerk, George Geoghegan III. George Geoghegan III (1999-2005)

George Geoghegan III received his bachelor's degree from Vanderbilt University in 1965 and juris doctor from the University of Kentucky College of Law in 1969. He served as a law clerk at the Kentucky Court of Appeals before it became the Supreme Court of Kentucky under unification and later worked in private practice with the firm Chancellor, Darnell and Geoghegan for two years. After a brief stint with the state Department of Mental Health, he worked for the Kentucky Attorney General's Office for 13 years, eight as a division director. He joined the Kentucky Court of Appeals in 1986 as a conference attorney, a role he held for 11 years before becoming chief staff attorney. In October 1999, he was appointed clerk of the court.

Offiical portrait of Court of Appeal clerk, Samuel P. Givens, Jr. Samuel P. Givens, Jr.  (2005-2019)

Samuel P. Givens Jr. was born in Louisville. He received a bachelor's degree from Centre College in 1984 and his juris doctor from Northern Kentucky University's Salmon P. Chase College of Law in 1987. He started his professional career in private practice with Tom Burnett in Lexington. He began his tenure with the Kentucky courts in 1988 as a law clerk for Circuit Judge Robert Jackson of the 13th Judicial Circuit. He joined the Kentucky Court of Appeals in 1990, serving as a staff attorney for Judge Boyce G. Clayton. He also worked as a substitute staff attorney for Judge Michael O. McDonald before becoming a member of the court's central office staff in 1992, serving from then until 1999 as a staff attorney under chief staff attorneys George Fowler and George Geoghegan. In 1999, he became chief deputy clerk assisting the court's clerk, Geoghegan. Givens was appointed as court clerk in 2005. Throughout his career with the Kentucky Court of Appeals, he focused on improving the court's technology for the court and the public. 

Official portrait of Court of Appeals Clerk, Rebecca Combs Lyon. Rebecca Combs Lyon (2019-2021)

Rebecca Combs Lyon was the first woman to serve as clerk of the Kentucky Court of Appeals since the Judicial Article was enacted in 1975 and created the commonwealth's modern court system. She was serving as chief staff attorney when she was appointed as the sixth clerk of the court in 2019. Lyon had previously served the court in multiple roles for 30 years, including appellate staff attorney at Central Office, civil motions panel attorney and deputy chief staff attorney. She had also served as appellate staff attorney for Judges Anthony M. Wilhoit, Paul D. Gudgel, Michael L. Henry and James I. Howard. Lyon graduated magna cum laude with a bachelor's degree in politics and minor in economics/accounting from Converse College in South Carolina and received her juris doctor from the University of Kentucky College of Law.

Offiical portrait of Court of Appeals Clerk, Kate R. Morgan. Kate R. Morgan (2021-Present)

Kate Morgan received her juris doctor from Northern Kentucky University’s Salmon P. Chase College of Law, graduating summa cum laude in 2009. She has served as clerk of the Kentucky Court of Appeals since 2021, being responsible for the custody, control and storage of all appellate records. Her appointment marked a return to the court, where she served as a staff attorney for Judge Glenn E. Acree from 2010 to 2018, gaining expertise in Kentucky’s appellate rules of practice and procedures. Afterward, she worked as a regional staff attorney with the Kentucky Cabinet for Health and Family Services, prosecuting termination of parental rights cases and helping children in the foster care system get permanent homes. She defended the agency in appellate matters before the Supreme Court of Kentucky and Kentucky Court of Appeals. She began her legal career prosecuting educator misconduct for the Kentucky Education Professional Standards Board. Learn more about Kate at https://kcoj.info/KMorgan. ​​

​Jeff Woods (1976-1980) 

George E. Fowler, Jr. (1980-1994)

George Geoghegan, III (1994-1999)

George E. Fowler, Jr. (1999-2007) 

Ann Swain (2007-2015)

Jeanne Anderson (2015-2017) 

Rebecca Combs Lyon (2017-2019)

Wes Deskins (2019-2020)

Michelle Hurley (2020-2020)

​1. Sarah W. Combs (32 years, 8 months)

2. Paul D. Gudgel (23 years, 8 months)

3. Jeff S. Taylor (22 years, 11 months)

4. Anthony Wilhoit (21 years, 3 months)

5. Glenn E. Acree (20 years) 

6. John D. Miller (20 years) 

7. Robert W. Dyche, III (20 years)

8. J. William Howerton (19 years, 11 months)

9. Charles B Lester (19 years, 11 months)

10. James H. Lambert (19 years, 1 month)

Official group portrait of 2025-2026 Court of Appeals.

Content Editor

An attorney arguing in front of the Court of Appeals. Judge Howard talking to others at a conference. Judge Dyche being sworn in by Justice Stephens.
1984 Appellate Court. Individuals in the front row watching speakers as they write. Court of Appeals full court portrait. Judge Dyche on the bench listening to an argument.
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